tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33491127247292148932024-02-08T12:12:19.212-08:00Sleep deprivation research paperMikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03921257389894172191noreply@blogger.comBlogger207125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3349112724729214893.post-19276712126258711152020-08-27T07:25:00.001-07:002020-08-27T07:25:08.598-07:00Harley davidson analysis Essay -- essays research papers1. Organization OVERVIEW Harley Davidson Inc. was found in 1903 by William S. Harley and Davidson siblings Walter and Arthur. From that point forward the organization has created the most perceived cruisers on the planet. The organization has been named to Fortuneââ¬â¢s rundown of ââ¬Å"100 Best Companies to work forâ⬠. The organization has likewise been positioned #3 in car quality behind Rolls-Royce and Mercedes Benz by Harris Interactive, an overall statistical surveying and counseling firm. Harley-Davidson, Inc. is the parent organization for the gathering of organizations specifically Harley-Davidson Motor Company, Buell Motorcycle Company and Harley-Davidson Financial Services. Harley-Davidson Motor Company, the main major U.S.- based cruiser producer, produces heavyweight bikes and offers a total line of bike parts, extras, clothing, and general product. Buell Motorcycle Company produces sport cruisers. Harley-Davidson Financial Services gives discount and retail financing and protection projects to Harley-Davidson vendors and clients. à à à à à Jeffrey L. Bleustein is executive of the board and CEO of Harley Davidson Inc.. à à à à à There are more than 1,300 Harley-Davidson vendors in 48 nations around the world. à à à à à The organization has utilized 8,000 individuals worldwide and the corporate central command situated in Milwaukee, Wis; East Toy and Tomawauk, Wis; York Pa; and Kansas City, Mo. Other key business tasks are situated in Chicago, III.; Franklin, Wis.; Talladega, Ala; Highland Heights, Ohio; Ann Arbor, Mich.; Carson City, Nev.; and Plano, Tex. à à à à à Harley-Davidson keeps up activity in vital global markets all through Europe, and in Brazil and Japan to help its overall seller and merchant organize. Wellspring of incomes for Harley Davidson : - à à à à à Selling bikes - à à à à à Harley Davidson monetary assistance - à à à à à Parts and extras 2. VISION, MISSION AND GOALS Vision To devote, to develop esteem and fortify the brand, Harley-Davidson convey items and convey the administrations that satisfy dreams. Crucial To satisfy dreams through the encounters of motorcycling by giving bikes and to the overall population an extending line of cruisers... ...purchasers (expanded from 2% complete deals before receiving to 9% in 2003). The organization found that lady bound to buy subsequent to taking instructional class à à à à à Financial administration to make it increasingly reasonable Tasks The companyââ¬â¢s development plan of its York and Pennsylvania hopes to permit the organization to build creation to 400,000 units by 2007. Dispersion à à à à à Through vendors à à à à à Showrooms offer a huge variety of dress things and frill notwithstanding new bikes à à à à à Dealers are answerable for working showrooms, stock parts and embellishments. â â â â â 161 sellers in Japan. â â â â â 50 sellers and 3 merchants in Australia and New Zealand. â â â â â 7 sellers in South East Asian and East market. Framework à à à à à Public recorded organization à à à à à Quality framework à à à à à Strategy and arranging are not satisfactory Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03921257389894172191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3349112724729214893.post-5320028968349221932020-08-22T11:06:00.001-07:002020-08-22T11:06:31.052-07:00Nature Imagery and the Life Cycle in Robert Frostââ¬â¢s The Wind and the RaNature Imagery and the Life Cycle in Robert Frostââ¬â¢s The Wind and the Rain In his sonnet ââ¬Å"The Wind and the Rain,â⬠Robert Frost builds up a focal subject, introducing a manââ¬â¢s reflection upon his life. As the man ages, he understands that he went through quite a bit of his time on earth stressing over his unavoidable passing as opposed to carrying on with his life without limit. The man communicates his longing to recharge life no matter what; he would prefer to pass on living than spend an amazing remainder fretting about death. Robert Frostââ¬â¢s subject in ââ¬Å"The Wind and the Rain,â⬠thusly, is that life ought to be lived, and one ought not stress over his unavoidable passing, for he doesn't have the ability to control demise, just the manner in which he carries on with his life. Ice utilizes pictures of nature all through the sonnet to help his focal topic. To a limited extent I of ââ¬Å"The Wind and the Rain,â⬠the speaker examines the way that he is maturing, and his demise is evident. He understands that he has ââ¬Å"let [his center around death] drive [him] deathward,â⬠yet he has done little to change his core interest. The man laments that he went through quite a bit of his time on earth ââ¬Å"[singing] of death,â⬠wishi... Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03921257389894172191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3349112724729214893.post-72013197827619575312020-08-21T08:48:00.001-07:002020-08-21T08:48:27.095-07:00The Growth Of Social Networking Sites In India [CHART]The Growth Of Social Networking Sites In India [CHART] Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!The Growth Of Social Networking Sites In India [CHART]Updated On 23/04/2017Author : Pradeep KumarTopic : InternetShort URL : http://hbb.me/2ozlsAM CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogThe growth of social networking websites has been tremendous for the past few years in India. Interestingly Orkut came next to Facebook. This clearly indicates Orkut is still popular in many sectors in India.The dark bar represents the total number of unique visitors for a site in Nov 09 while the lighter bar represents the same number for Nov 10. As you can see Facebook and Orkut came first and second, and LinkedIn reached the third place defeating the most popular microblogging service Twitter.Image credit via Digital Inspiration and stats via BusinessToday.READ7 Most Useful Websites Everyone Should Bookmark Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03921257389894172191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3349112724729214893.post-913731201631207472020-05-25T11:33:00.001-07:002020-05-25T11:33:03.997-07:00Female Influence in Greek Mythology Essay examples The ability of women to influence the course of events in Iliad and Odyssey Women have always been an important part of human history since it began. The Greek Myths also show how women, though not as powerful as men, have been able to cause great changes to the course of events. The Trojan of war is one glorified example of it where because of one woman thousands of soldiers died. I would like to talk about such women from the readings that we have done in this course. I shall be talking about Helen of Troy, Kalypso, Circe, Nausicaa and Penelope to show how mortals and immortals have powers of sort but are still inferior to men. We shall talk about the characters from the epic poems Iliad and Odyssey, so I shall give a brief backgroundâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦She was able to empower men with her beauty and that is why she is such a powerful character. She was also able to runaway with another man and this in Homeric time was unacceptable but she still does it. Kalypso was the daughter of Atlas and she was a seam nymph in Greek mythology. She, with her powers, empowers Odysseus and enslaves him as she wanted him to marry her. She was able to do so even though Odysseus was much powerful than her. Odysseus loved his wife too much and wanted to go back to her but was not able to do so. Until Athena asks Zeus to free him from the island and let him get back to his beloved wife Penelope. Kalypso only lets Odysseus go when Hermes, messenger of Gods, comes down on Zeus request and tells Kalypso to release him. He finally goes back to his wife after seven years of imprisonment. This shows us that though Kalypso was not a goddess nor as powerful as Odysseus, she was still able to hold him back for seven years. It is also surprising that she was able to confess her love and her desire to have Odysseus for herself. It is also interesting to see that Kalypso is obedient enough to honor Zeusââ¬â¢ wish without creating any troubles for Hermes. Circe is another character of The Odyssey. She lived in forest and was a witch. She was the daughter of the Sun God Helios. Through her powers she turned Odysseyââ¬â¢s crew into pigs. Odyssey with the help of Hermes advice of using the holy herb moly to protect him from Circeââ¬â¢s curse was ableShow MoreRelatedGreek And Roman Painting And Floor Mosaic Essay1228 Words à |à 5 PagesAs a student in ARH 270: Introduction to Ancient Art in Greek and Roman Mural Painting and Floor Mosaic, I have developed a greater understanding of art in the ancient Mediterranean world, in regards to ancient Rome and Greece. For the Fall 2016 semester, some of the knowledge that I have gained includes being able to visually analyze a work of art in its historical context. For instance, I have learned to visualize the artwork, This includes, but is not limited to style, technique, relation to previousRead MoreThe Hunger Games By Suzanne Collins1352 Words à |à 6 Pagesmost people heard when they were younger, but modernized and turned into a collage of all the best roman and Greek stories. 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Women were cogs in a patriarchal dominated society woman were very much under their husbands control according to law and the most important role of women was to raise the children and work at the house with the slaves if they could be afforded. Women could not vote in Greek society, they could not own property, and women could not have much communication with males outsideRead MoreGreek Mythology : A Polytheistic Text And The Book Of Genesis1270 Words à |à 6 Pagescultures; Theogony elaborates the beginning of Greek mythology while Genesis centers around the beginning of Judeo-Christian theology. Gods and God both desired power and authority. Power, nonetheless, is perceived and pursued differently across the two aforementioned cultures. The differences in polytheism and monotheism lead to a distinctive perception of the meaning of power. Hesiodââ¬â¢s Theogony signifies the polytheistic nature of Greek mythology, elaborating the chain of events from chaos toRead MoreHeracles: The New Jesus Essay1280 Words à |à 6 Pages Most mythologies contain borrowed aspects from older accounts of the same stories. Myths serve to answer the questions mankind was and is unable to answer simply. Because of the yearning for knowledge mankind has always held, those who were looked towards for answers often had similar explanations based on what they were once told. This sharing of information has given historians an array of mythologies from across the world that can be placed on a semi-clear time line as they adapted and partsRead MoreThe Analysis Of Mythology Of The Environment And The Unconscious Mind978 Words à |à 4 Pages The analysis of mythology in relation to society establishes a commonality among humanity, as well as the analyzation of various cultural perspectives and values around the world. Thus forth we see the origins of mythology diversely interpreted and analyzed by the context of culture. Myths ââ¬Å"symbolizeâ⬠and ââ¬Å"embodyâ⬠human experience in relation to a cultures beliefs and values (Rosenberg, 1999). Despite the various roots in which a myth may originate and or the level of cultural recognitionRead MoreAncient Greek Influence On The Modern World1442 Words à |à 6 Pages Ancient Greek Influence on the Modern World Knowledge of ancient Greeks is still influencing the modern world through their advancement and development of government, military, sciences, mathematics, art, and architecture. Centered around perfection of the mind and body, ancient Greek society can be seen through these various areas of their society. The ancient Greek society began with having monarchies and oligarchies, but in 510 AD Athens would create the first democracy (Carr). Athens was ruledRead MoreHercules: A Greek Tale 1014 Words à |à 5 Pagesgreatest of the Greek heroes, a paragon of masculinity. In art Hercules was portrayed as a powerful, muscular man wearing lions skin and armed with a huge club. He was also described as being a macho man buffoon, who was very impulsive. Herculesââ¬â¢ home and birthing place is in Thebes, Greece. Thebes is a city in central Greece. It plays as an important setting in many Greek myths, such as the stories of Cadmus, Oedipus, Dionysus and many other important roles in Greek Mythology. The demigod, Hercules Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03921257389894172191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3349112724729214893.post-59243230927256188572020-05-14T18:27:00.001-07:002020-05-14T18:27:04.410-07:00Understanding the X-Intercept of a Quadratic Function Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03921257389894172191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3349112724729214893.post-67770987419158449702020-05-06T15:33:00.001-07:002020-05-06T15:33:35.191-07:00Albert Enstein - 1246 Words Money [pic] Inventors Top of Form [pic]Search Bottom of Form â⬠¢ Inventors â⬠¢ Basics â⬠¢ Intellectual Property â⬠¢ History Bios â⬠¢ â⬠¢ Share â⬠¢ Print Ads: â⬠¢ Albert Einstein â⬠¢ Inventors Help â⬠¢ Einstein Quotes â⬠¢ Patent Invention Idea â⬠¢ Example of Biography Albert Einstein - Biography [pic] By Mary Bellis Photo: Albert Einstein Albert Einstein was born in Germany in 1879. He enjoyed classical music and played the violin. One story Einstein liked to tell about his childhood was of a wonder he saw when he was four or five years old: a magnetic compass. The needles invariable northward swing, guided by an invisible force, profoundly impressed the child. Theâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Nuclear reactors, for instance, work because nuclear reactions convert small amounts of mass into large amounts of energy. 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[pic] Who Is Garrett Morgan? [pic] Learn About Gregorio Zara More Inventors VideosExplore All About.com Videos Ads Degree in Nuclear Sciencewww.Amity.Edu/NuclearScienceTop faculty, top placement Build A Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03921257389894172191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3349112724729214893.post-78178886069572373052020-05-05T17:33:00.001-07:002020-05-05T17:33:24.052-07:00The Potential for Concurrent Liability Question: Academics and judges have long debated the overlap between the law of contract and tort and the potential for concurrent liability. Explain? Answer: Contract is nothing but a form of agreement which is made among two or more parties and the agreement give rise to obligations which the parties must follow and are enforceable under the court of law (Andrews, 2011). Three basic elements are being included in the process to form a valid contract which can be enforceable under law. Offer: An offer is the term which is used when he parties are willing to get into a contract with the person in order to form a contract under some specific obligations (Anson, 1899). The parties should have the intention to get into a valid contract. A party who is willing to get into a contract is bound to express his willingness to another party with whom the offer is addressed. However, there must prevail an objective expression to intent by the offeror which must be included in the offer. The terms and conditions of the agreement must be included in the offer so that the parties may clear their obligation. In many cases, the third party is associated during the formation of the contract which may be used as a witness in future. As per English law, offer can be addressed to a specific individual, group or in some cases it can be n organisation also. An offer can be made either in oral form or in written form or may be in both the forms (Beale Tallon, 2002). In various cases it i s being observed that offer made by an oferee is confused with the invitation to treat. In cases of invitation of treat, party make offer in order to invite parties which is different from an offer. Thus, invitation to treat is treated as an advertisement (Elliott Quinn, 2007). This can be stated from the case study, Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Company [1893] 2 QB 256 (Simpson, 1985). Acceptance: An acceptance is referred as the final expression of the party in terms of the offer. If the party t whom the offer is addressed agreed with the terms and conditions which are being implemented in the offer, then the party must accept the offer for getting into the contract which will be enforceable under the court of law (McKendrick, 2005). Thus, it is relevant that the party must agreed with the terms for accepting the offer. From various sources it is noticed that offer must be accepted by conduct. As per the law, acceptance has no legal effect unless and until there prevail no communication among the offeree and offeror. In many cases it is being also notice that the postal acceptance takes place whenever the letter of acceptance is being posted by the offeree (Stone, 2003). Consideration: every valid contract must include the term consideration. This is because according to English contract law, a value must be given against the promise and then only that can be enforceable in law. Consideration must be unconditionally in nature and under the contract law, partial consideration is not being considered therefore the contract cannot be referred as a valid contract (Mulcahy, 2008). Past consideration are not considered in a valid contract. Promise is liable to provide the consideration to the promisor. As per the law, if the promise is made by a party for providing a particular service to the party in lieu of a consideration, but the service is provided by some third party then the promise is not liable to pay to the promisor who did not provide the service (Turner, 2006). It is important for the parties to keep in mind that they have an intention to create and establish a valid contract among each other. A contract can be express or implied in nature depending upon the situation. When a party fails to act as per the obligations which are being implemented in the contract, then the party will be responsible for the breach of the contract. Breach of contract can also be happened by the party when the parties act something which differs from the actions which he should act as per the terms and condition of the contract. Incapacitating oneself is also a major factor which leads the party to breach the terms of the contract. In many situations it is being noticed that the party has breached the contract by selling goods to third party in order to earn more profit. Tort is considered to be a civil wrong. Situations where the law of contract is not applicable, and issues are separate from the terms of contract, the law of tort is implied. Tort is applicable in cases like personal injury, economic losses, harm etc (Brennan, 2011). However, it is also relevant that ruining reputation is also included in the law of tort. Claimants are entitles to receive compensation if the claimant able to provide proofs against the defendant in the court that a tort has been taken place. Various cases of law of tort is associated with the owners of the company and the employers and in this situation if the claimant succeed to prove a tort then they are liable to pay the compensation on their part (Faure, 2009). The defences of volenti is a term which is available for the defendant under the law of tort in places where the defendant wished to show that the plaintiff was also partly liable for the issue which has been arose. Cases where both defendant and the claim ant are both negligent on their part, then there are every chance that the claimant may lose that case. The case studies which are refereed for such situation are as follows: Morris v Murray, OReilly v National Rail and Tramway Appliances. In the case study of Nettleship v Wesrton, a driving instructor has committed an accident which caused injury and this had happened due to the negligence of his pupil. In this particular case study, Lord Denning M.R. stated that Knowledge of the risk of injury is not enough....Nothing will suffice short of an agreement to waive any claim for negligence. The Plaintiff must agree, expressly or impliedly, to waive any claim for any injury that may befall him due to the lack of reasonable care by the defendant: or, more accurately, due to the failure of the defendant to measure up to the standard of care that the law requires of him. (Bingham, 2010) In order to submit the proof for showing that the defendant is associated with action of .negligence, the plaintiff is liable to prove a number of things (Greene, 2012). The first and foremost thing which must be done by the plaintiff is to show the court that the defendant owed the duty of care. The concept of duty of care is being established from the famous case study of Donoghue v Stevenson. In this case study, the house of law has rejected the existing law related to liability of careless behaviour. Thus, the plaintiff have to show the court that the damages which the claimant has suffered was made foreseeable so that the court could find hat a duty of care is exist between the claimant and the defendant. The second thing that the plaintiff must prove is that the defendant has breached the duty of care which is owed by the plaintiff. Then the court will try to find out the standard of care that the defendant owed to the plaintiff (Wils, 2004). The standard of care is determined by the care which is associated with the profession of the individual (Priaulx, 2007). Thus, the balance is being done by the court regarding this standard and the risk factors which are being associated with the duty of care. The most important pat which the plaintiff has to produce in front of the court is that the defendant has breached the duty of care and for that reason the plaintiff has to suffer from damages (Samuel, 2010). Cases where the plaintiff succeed to satisfy the court regarding the damages made by the defendant and suffered by him but still he have to show the court that damages are too remote compare to the negligence of the defendant. Thus, according to the law of tort, he defendant is not liable to repay any kind of damages which he could reasonably have foreseen (Turner, 2011). Relationship is being noticed between law of tort and contract law. The breach of contract is mainly take place because of the breach of duty which must be performed by one of the partner in a contract. Both contract law and law of tort are considered under civil law. Contracts which are being established among the contractor and the client have the option where the law of tort can be raised easily. Though the contract between the contractor and the client is being overlapped still there prevail a duty of care on the part of the contractor. If the contractor have build a bridge ad that bridge was damaged after a year after the termination of contract, then in such situation the contractor will be liable for incurring the damages for the bridge. This is because the contractor should perform the duty of care towards the client. If the bridge got damage because of poor workmanship and material, then the contractor is liable to repay the damages or have to take action for the damage whic h is being incurred by the contractor because he has breached the duty of care though the contract is terminated. The principle which is associated with the action where multiple numbers of defendants will be liable for a particular damage is termed as concurrent liability (Ross, 1987). Therefore, in such situation, plaintiff has the option to act against the multiple numbers of defendants who are being liable for the damages. However, according to the law of UK, there prevail different types of concurrent liabilities which are as follows: Joint enterprise Vicarious liability Non-delegable duties Multiple torts causing the same damage The meaning of the concurrent liability explains the situation where the parties have a contractual as well as tortuous liability. Thus, in many situation t is been proved that liability can be held concurrently from both tort and contract. However, in the case study of Donoghue v Stevenson (1932), Lord Macmillan stated that The fact that there is a contractual relationship between the parties...does not exclude the co-existence of a right of action founded on negligence as between the same parties..... Various ways are prevailed which may rise to various liability and in cases where there lies a contractual relationship between the parties. However, it is relevant from the law of UK that the action which is associated with contractual liability is different from tortuous liability. Among them, concurrent liabilities have strive to take advantages from the rules and principle of torts. The legislation which are associated with common law are ambiguous in nature and therefore, in sit uation where there prevail concurrent liability i9n contract as well as tort, there is a high chances of getting problems because of the ambiguous nature of the legislation of the common law. Thus, the decision has been taken by the court that the liability is referred as the breach of duty which must be performed as per the law of tort and contract and thus it is considered as negligence in the relevant statute. Common law which is prevailed in UK is less consistent in nature. However, when the liabilities are raised from the breach of the contractual duty of care and there is no concurrent liability in tort, then the common law will not be applicable in such situation; rather it will become inconsistent in nature. When it comes to contract elated to construction, then the agreement includes various individual like: developer, agent, contractor, and also the sub-contractor. In this situation, breach of contract can happen in many ways (Burrows, 1995). The obligation which a party i s bound to perform as per the contract if fails to do so then they will be solely responsible for the breach of the contract. Three different ways can be involved which may rise to breach of contract are as follows: partial performance, defective performance and total non-performance. The basic remedies for the breach of contract are to repay the damages which are being made due to the action of the party directly or indirectly. From the case study of Esso v Mardon, it is derived that if the adviser act a negligent when he is under the contractual agreement with the victim, then the victim has the option to sue against the advisor under law of tort. In the case study, of Robinson-v- P E Jones Ltd, the issue of tortuous liability has run concurrently to contractual liability. In this particular case study, issue is related among the employee and the contractor since the time limit of contract is much shorter than the time limit prevailed in tort (Ranjan, et al., 2011). As per the law, liability in tort can be easily extended up to 3 years from the time when the breach of contract is identified. When the contract is being established with any architecture, engineers etc then the contract attracts a concurrent duty of care related to tort against the losses, damages of property or person and also economic losses related to repairs will all lodged against the engineer and the architecture. But it is also relevant from various cases, that the cost of repair will not be the liability of the parties who was associated in the contractual agreement. But their exclusions of liability found under the law. Cases which are related to buildin g contracts, the liability regarding the cost of repair of the building for a certain time period will be considered in the court. Therefore, it has been decided by the court that there will not be any distinction between the professional designer and contractor. Moreover, it is also being referred by the court of UK that the contractor can also be held liable for concurrent duty of care in contract along with in tort for the purpose of economic losses. It is also relevant from various sources that there prevail the term of warranty when it comes to the obligation of the contractor (Visser, 2005). This is because the obligation under which a contractor is bound to act is usually derived from implied or express term of the deed of warranty. As per the rule of the tort, a duty of care must also be implied on the contractor. It is normal that the contract is liable for the construction or designing action, but on the other hand he is also liable for constructing with negligence (O'Sullivan, 2011). However, the liability of the contractor also arises if the defects in the construction are made due to the poor workmanship or by the mixture of poor workmanship and negligence. Thus, the client has the option to sue against the contractor on the basis of the breach of contract and also on the duty of care which is being associated with the tort law. The duty of care is breached by the contractor either due to negligence or due to defective performance or from both and this rise to a liability which is held upon the contractor. Following are the possible reasons for which the contractor fails to meet his obligation which are being included in the contract are as follows: The contractor is liable to carry out his task properly with proper care. However, according to law, the material, goods and workmanship is the responsibility of the contractor and therefore he is bound to put proper effort towards the work (Dowlatshahi, 2001). If any kind of breach of the obligation is held by the contractor, then the contractor have to take liability to incur the cost for recovering the damages done because of him. However, if the client engages other people for getting the job done then also the cost must be barred by the contractor. Any kind of economic losses if incurred by the client that will also be the liability of the contractor as per the law as the contractor have to act as per the duty of care. The court made it pass that just if there is an assumption of obligation in connection to any contract, can a case be made in tort for immaculate economic misfortune (Gendel, 1931). Dissimilar to expert contracts, for example, an engineer's or engineer's arrangeme nt, where there is typically such an assumption of obligation, there will for the most part be no such assumption of obligation in a conventional building contract. The court is not arranged to force a co-broad obligation in tort, just to offer a disenthralled buyer a cure it would not generally have had under its building contract. The court was making careful effort to make it pass that the law of contract is the essential law that represents a relationship in the middle of builder and customer. Besides the standard of 'opportunity of contract' is cherished in our law and ought to be maintained. Hence, if parties openly decide to assign hazard between them by going into a contract, the law of tort ought to be ease back to misshape that position and a case for economic misfortune in tort won't be conceivable (Kramer, 2010). On the off chance that the gatherings decide to bar claims for economic misfortune, for example, the expense of repairs under the terms of their contract, then even where UCTA is pertinent, it is the contract that is the essential determinant of each party's obligations and cures and the prohibition will more often than not be upheld. Reference Andrews, N. (2011) Contract law. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. Anson, W. (1899) Principles of the English law of contract and of agency in its relation to contract. Oxford, Clarendon Press. Beale, H. Tallon, D. (2002) Contract law. Oxford [England], Hart Pub. Elliott, C. Quinn, F. (2007) Contract law. Harlow, Pearson Longman. McKendrick, E. (2005) Contract law. Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan. Simpson, A. (1985) Quackery and Contract Law: The Case of the Carbolic Smoke Ball. J LEGAL STUD. [Online] 14 (2), 345. Available from: doi:10.1086/467776. Stone, R. (2003) Contract law. London, Cavendish. Turner, C. (2006) Contract law. London, Hodder Arnold. Bingham, L. (2010) The Uses of Tort. Journal of European Tort Law. [Online] 1 (1), 3-15. Available from: doi:10.1515/jetl.2010.3. Brennan, C. (2011) Tort law. Oxford, Oxford University Press. Faure, M. (2009) Tort law and economics. Cheltenham, UK, Edward Elgar. Greene, B. (2012) Tort law. London, Hodder Education. Mulcahy, L. (2008) Contract law in perspective. London, Routledge-Cavendish. Priaulx, N. (2007) The harm paradox. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, UK, Routledge-Cavendish. Samuel, G. (2010) Law of obligations. Cheltenham, UK, Edward Elgar. Turner, C. (2011) Tort law. London, Hodder Education. Burrows, A. (1995) Solving the Problem of Concurrent Liability. Current Legal Problems. [Online] 48 (Part 2), 103-124. Available from: doi:10.1093/clp/48.part_2.103. Dowlatshahi, S. (2001) The role of product safety and liability in concurrent engineering. Computers Industrial Engineering. [Online] 41 (2), 187-209. Available from: doi:10.1016/s0360-8352(01)00054-7. Gendel, M. (1931) Torts: Concurrent but Independent Wrongdoers: Joint Liability for Entire Damages. California Law Review. [Online] 19 (6), 630. Available from: doi:10.2307/3475668. Kramer, A. (2010) Contract law. Oxford, Hart. O'Sullivan, J. (2011) BUILDING CONTRACTS IS THERE CONCURRENT LIABILITY IN TORT?. The Cambridge Law Journal. [Online] 70 (02), 291-294. Available from: doi:10.1017/s0008197311000407. Ranjan, S., Batar, S. Vadakkeveedu, S. (2011) Role of Intention in Fixation of Tortuous Liability. SSRN Journal. [Online] Available from: doi:10.2139/ssrn.1823483. Ross, M. (1987) Concurrent liability in tort and contract. Structural Survey. [Online] 5 (3), 288-299. Available from: doi:10.1108/eb006260. Visser, M. (2005) The concept of concurrent liability and its relationship with the principle of effectiveness. Wils, W. (2004) Concurrent liability of the Community and a Member State. Yule, D. (1977) Concurrent liability in contract and tort. Vancouver, Continuing Legal Education Society of British Columbia. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03921257389894172191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3349112724729214893.post-89713053884082270662020-04-10T10:26:00.001-07:002020-04-10T10:26:02.214-07:001st English Introduction to Anglo- American Literature Flashcard1st English Introduction to Anglo- American Literature Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03921257389894172191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3349112724729214893.post-8032921657452599592020-03-09T21:34:00.001-07:002020-03-09T21:34:03.321-07:0010 Best Writing Communities You Need to Join Today - Freewrite Store 10 Best Writing Communities You Need to Join Today - Freewrite Store Back in the very early 2000s, when the internet was still young, YouTube didnââ¬â¢t exist, and Facebook was just a twinkle in Mark Zuckerbergââ¬â¢s eye, I joined a Yahoo Group for writers.à à Why? I was writing fiction that I wanted to publish online ââ¬â but first, I wanted to get it peer-reviewed. And not long after I signed up, one of the other writers reached out to me and offered to help me with my 30,000-word novella. She said she saw promise - and some things that needed fixing. I accepted her offer and began an amazing friendship that stands strong to this day.à à It still amazes me that this stranger from across the world was willing to give up her time, for free, to help me hone my craft. It took several months of rewrites. She didnââ¬â¢t pull any punches with her feedback, but she was always constructive and kind, and her advice was invaluable, as was the input from the other writers after I finally reached the stage where I was happy to release my story to the wider group.à Iââ¬â¢ve been a big fan of online writing communities ever since. If youââ¬â¢ve never joined one before, you might not be aware of the full range of benefits you can get by signing up. à Supportà Writing is a pastime (or profession) with a unique set of challenges that only another writer can truly understand. Being part of an online community gives you the chance to interact with others who understand your struggles, frustrations and challenges, and who can offer helpful encouragement and wisdom. It provides you with a group of people with whom you can discuss and explore your ideas and your roadblocks, and who can encourage you to keep going when youââ¬â¢ve hit a creative brick wall.à Critiqueà When youââ¬â¢re emotionally involved in a piece of writing, it can be hard to assess it objectively. Not sure if your plot makes sense? Do your characters ring true? Are their motivations plausible? Family and friends often lack the technical ability or the courage to provide truly constructive feedback, whereas an online community provides you with a diverse group of writers with a wide range of experience who can help you gain valuable insight on your strengths and weaknesses.à Knowledgeà Every writer brings something new to a community in terms of experience, genre, format, perspective, tips, processes and ideas. A writing community gives you a forum to exchange knowledge and take away the most useful tidbits to apply to your own writing. Offering to critique someoneââ¬â¢s work can also be a valuable learning experience which gives you exposure to a plethora of writing styles. Many communities also offer their members access to learning resources.à Resilienceà One of the things any writer needs to learn to deal with is criticism - no writer is going to be accepted by every publisher or enjoyed by every reader. Writing is a very personal and emotional activity, and it can beà difficult to hear negative things about your work, and scary to share it with strangers. Good writing communities will help you build your resilience to feedback by being constructive, thoughtful and helpful.à Marketingà If youââ¬â¢re going down the self-publishing route, youââ¬â¢ll need some marketing skills, and being part of an online community puts you in contact with other writers who have been there, done that, and can share what has worked for them. Most communities also have avenues through which you can promote your own books to other members.à If youââ¬â¢re keen to experience the support, companionship and knowledge that comes from joining an online writing community, hereââ¬â¢s a list of the ten best groups you can join right now:à 1.à Scribophileà One of the worldââ¬â¢s largest and most active communities, Scribophile operates on a karma system, whereby you have to critique othersââ¬â¢ work before you can submit your own. However, if you pay for premium access ($9 per month or $65 per year), you get unlimited submissions and an ad-free experience. Scribophile also offers the opportunity to compete in writing contests (for cash!). All levels of writing ability are welcomed and almost every genre covered.à 2.à Insecure Writersââ¬â¢ Support Groupà This community was created by sci-fi author Alex Cavanaugh, who realized that there were a lot of lost souls out there scouring the internet for help with their writing. Today, it has a Facebook group with over 4000 members and a mission ââ¬Å"to share and encourageâ⬠. The communityââ¬â¢s website boasts a wealth of information including links to writing tips, publisher lists, marketing guides and contests. Thereââ¬â¢s a weekly newsletter and even a free guide to publishing and beyond.à 3.à Absolute Write Water Coolerà If youââ¬â¢re looking for a purely forum-style group, then Absolute Write Water Cooler is a great place to start. With almost 68,000 members at the time of writing, itââ¬â¢s extremely active, well moderated, and there are threads on everything from writerââ¬â¢s block and grammar to publishing and freelancing. Plenty of writing formats are covered including podcasts, graphic novels and scriptwriting, to name a few. There are dozens of discussions about writing-related topics to get involved in, and a section where you can find yourself a beta reader, writing buddy or mentor. à 4. Chroniclesà This community is the largest forum that caters specifically to science fiction and fantasy writers. Aside from the writing forums that offer workshops, critiques, challenges and resources, itââ¬â¢s a great place to discuss the genre as a whole. Topics cover TV and film, featured authors, the publishing industry and more.à 5.à The Next Big Writerà If youââ¬â¢re focused on getting your work critiqued, The Next Big Writer offers an international audience of authors ââ¬â many of them published ââ¬â to provide you with feedback on your writing and support with every aspect of your craft. This forum isnââ¬â¢t free but comes with a rich list of features for the membership ($8.95 per month, $21.95 per quarter or $69.95 per year) including guaranteed feedback, unlimited posting, access to premium groups, discounts on classes and entry into site competitions.à 6.à She Writesà Looking for a supportive community of female writers? She Writes might be the right one for you. Itââ¬â¢s the largest online writing community exclusively for women. Once youââ¬â¢ve joined, you can follow specific groups and content topics, post your own blog and read the articles posted by other members (more than 30,000 available). She Writes also operates its own self-publishing platform, where you can invest in professional coaching, editing, e-book creation and printing.à 7.à Nanowrimoà Sometimes you need a deadline to give you that extra bit of motivation. Nanowrimo stands for National November Writing Month. Started in 1999 by freelance writer Chris Baty, itââ¬â¢s an online novel-writing challenge held from 1ââ¬â30 November every year, with the objective of writing a 50,000-word novel. The community aspect comes in the form of camaraderie across social media platforms like Facebook and Twitter, and you can also join theNanowrimo forums to discuss all aspects of the novel writing process and share your journey with other participants. If the timing and word count donââ¬â¢t suit, tryCamp Nanowrimo instead, which holds virtual writersââ¬â¢ retreats in April and July for projects of any format and length.à 8.à Talentvilleà Screenwriters ââ¬â this communityââ¬â¢s especially for you. Talentville is designed to help aspiring screenwriters not only hone their craft through collaboration and education but also to build connections within the industry. With over 10,000 screenwriters and more than 200 industry professionals registered, one of Talentvilleââ¬â¢s goals is to actively promote worthy work to agents, managers and producers. Membership ranges from free (with posting limitations) to $99 per year.à 9.à Agent Query Connectà If youââ¬â¢ve already finished your manuscript, this online social network could be your best choice. It specializes in helping you get your book published, with discussion topics and helpful resources covering everything from writing query letters and finding agents to self-publishing and promotion. You can even get your query letter peer-reviewed.à 10.à Reddità Reddit is a vast social network made up of subreddits that focus on every topic imaginable, and there are plenty of writing-related discussion boards in which you can participate. Itââ¬â¢s free, and sometimes unmoderated, but great if you have a very niche area of interest or are looking for a large and diverse group. With almost 700,000 subscribers, r/writing is a great place to start. à BONUS: 11. Freewrite Insiders Our Freewrite Insider group has over 30,000 writers all over the world who are serious about improving their writing process.à From free resources, quality content, and exclusive discounts on the latest writing tools, this is oneà email newsletter that every writer who is serious about their craft needs to be part of.à à à à About the author: Claire Wilkins is a freelance copywriter and editor from New Zealand. She loves to write about travel, health, home, and proper punctuation. After a career in financial services spanning almost three decades, Claire left the corporate world behind to start Unmistakable - her writing and editing business. She creates website copy, blogs, and newsletters for creative agencies and small businesses, andà specialisesà in polishing existing content until it shines. In her spare time, Claire enjoys cloud-spotting, singing in the car and editing video. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03921257389894172191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3349112724729214893.post-12553518610227785772020-02-22T12:00:00.001-08:002020-02-22T12:00:02.857-08:00How Media Coverage of War Affects Presidents and Their Policy Making Research PaperHow Media Coverage of War Affects Presidents and Their Policy Making - Research Paper Example The media has played an enormous role in the war on terror. The intricate and detailed coverage of the 9/11 attacks on the World Trade Center were seen by the entire world and led to an extremely emotional response from the American people. The images were associated with terrorism and the knee jerk response of most Americans called for bombing anyone who was responsible for such a hideous act, thus forming the base for any violent response from the US government. This paper shall underline the importance of the media in the coverage and conduct of Warfare, how terrorist groups use the media to spread their message, how the media uses terrorists to further their objectives and the impact of these events on government policy matters. The importance of Media in the Coverage and Conduct of the War: The media has become an important factor in the war on terrorism. The war not only takes place in Afghanistan, but has repercussions for the millions of viewers witnessing the events first ha nd(Shpiro 2002). The 9/11 attacks have dramatically changed the perceptions of millions around the world on terrorism and perceived threats. Modern wars take place as much on TV screens as on the battlefield. Media coverage not only influences public opinion, it also has a lasting impact on national government policy decisions(Shpiro 2002). The technological enhancement that has taken place in the latter half of the 20th century and the 21st century has enabled the media to broadcast, report and inform the masses of what is happening on ground immediately after the occurrence of the event. While the events of the world wars could be censored, abandoned or edited significantly before they reached audiences, such actions are not possible with the advent of modern technology and the race for ratings between media outlets that demands immediate coverage. An important impact of the increase in the influence of media is that military operations have significant elements of media policy. T he speed of the coverage of events means that policy decisions regarding the media need to be made ahead of the event. These policies are the ways in which the military and political leadership handle media aspects of conflicts. The range of these policies encompasses decisions on matters such as censorship, legal restrictions, abandonment of coverage, etc. This policy sets to further the political aims of warfare. Warfare media policies have been a subject of considerable research throughout the 20th century. These policies developed in several phases throughout the last three decades of the 20th century. Before the tremendous technological enhancements, governments sought to censor the flow of any form of information from the battlefields. Both of the world wars saw censorship and controlled coverage rule the flow of information. The purpose of this strategy was to identify the specific news that could be covered and avoid embarrassments. The media was also used for propaganda to justify government actions. The impact of the Vietnam War: The Vietnam War was the first major conflict that brought the bloodshed on the TV screens of the common man. The coverage of the war was very close to real time and Americans felt the pain that the people of Vietnam went through throughout the conflict. The policy set at the outset of the conflict sought to give journalists free access to the entire conflict. The policy was set without due consideration to the political repercussions of comprehensive Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03921257389894172191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3349112724729214893.post-30561854763857989542020-02-06T04:48:00.001-08:002020-02-06T04:48:02.933-08:00Greek mythology discussion questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 wordsGreek mythology discussion questions - Assignment Example On the other hand, a legend cannot be passed on to become a myth because myths have to originate from legends. Therefore, the reverse is impossible. The United States of America is characterized by a number of religious beliefs, which include Christianity, Islam, and Judaism all having different religious practices and beliefs. However, it is also evident that these religious groups do not perform their common rituals while in the U.S. as compared to other nations. This is because, in the U.S., there is a massive cultural assimilation that has led to the loss of various cultural rituals and languages as compared to other nations. Additionally, high profiling of people by the government bar people like Muslims from practicing their rituals due to the fear of being attached to terrorism activities. If Big Bang and law of nature were part of the intelligent design, then most people will not believe that these processes led to the creation of the solar system and everything that happens on Earth are all controlled by a supernatural being (Graves 267). The idea of apocalypse is a common thing to all cultures because everybody believes that one day the world will come to an end (Graves 184)). This is usually justified by death that is a ritual performed in all cultures. On the other hand, most cultures believe that death is a means of punishing those who offend the Supernatural being. Therefore, it is advisable to the good in order to survive. The idea of apocalypse is spread in order to instill fear in people so that they learn how to do good in order to survive death. The Ancient Romans had no myths because they did not try to humanize their deities with their personality and actions (Graves 87). It is until they met Greeks that their divine being underwent transformation. They were particularly influenced by the stories in the Greek myths. This is the reason they adopted Greek gods and gave them their own names. Numinous experience does not only happen Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03921257389894172191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3349112724729214893.post-32147550222524038072020-01-28T16:43:00.001-08:002020-01-28T16:43:02.898-08:00Causes of Anorexia Nervosa Essay Example for Free Causes of Anorexia Nervosa Essay Many people wish to have a perfect body. Desires of having a perfect body could lead to a disorder called, anorexia nervosa. This disease is an eating disorder characterized by low body weight and a fear of becoming overweight. Anorexia nervosa is mainly related to an individualââ¬â¢s emotionality. Some of the causes of this disease are, personal feelings, stressful events, and cultural influences. The first cause of anorexia nervosa that is the most important cause is a worthless personal feeling. A person who has a low self-esteem usually feels valueless. Despite achievements in his or her life, they do not like the way he or she looks. These feelings cause the individual to feel rejected and have an alleged pressure from the society. Teens become very depressed when they are over weight, because people tease them and they feel that they cannot fit in with the crowd. Even if a teenager is not overweight, one may feel that they must maintain their body size. As a consequence, an anorexic person is always looking for the perfection, causing them to have a feeling of worthlessness. The next cause of this disorder is the existence of stressful events in life. Although anorexia is linked to a physical condition, the real cause is related to an individualââ¬â¢s emotionality. Someone may usually feel stressed and worried when they are working and are under pressure. The feeling of stress can cause one to not feel like eating. Commonly people suffer nervousness as a consequence of experience and life changes. These situations begin to affect the schedule of daily living. People can become very busy and feel that if they skip a meal it will be okay. Sometimes if more than one meal is skipped, this can lead to someone not participating in vital activities to stay healthy. In the case of anorexia nervosa, a person is stressed and begins to stop eating in the right times or even stop eating altogether. Another cause of anorexia is the cultural influence of the country where we live today. In many societies, they consider that the ideal beauty is based on extreme thinness. In todayââ¬â¢s society, this idea has caused thousands of women and men to turn to starvation, diets, or people use products that supposedly make them lose weight in a few days. Being extremely thin has become an important factor for people. To many people being thin represents beauty, success, happiness, and self-control. People are targeted with messages from the media that they must diet to meet this standard. This ideal body image is almost impossible for most people to reach, leaving them very dissatisfied with their body image. The causes of anorexia nervosa are situations that may look normal, but have deathly consequences. This is a serious, possibly terminal illness. People, who have this disease have, negative personal feelings, stressful events in their life, and cultural influences. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03921257389894172191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3349112724729214893.post-13951535494802300662020-01-20T13:07:00.001-08:002020-01-20T13:07:03.054-08:00New Cuban Cuisine :: Cuban FoodIncludes Recipes New Cuban Cuisine The Cuban style of cooking is simple in concept but complex in flavor. Much Cuban food owes its heritage and tradition from Africa and neighboring, Caribbean cultures. However, there are two distinctive styles of cooking: "the classic" whose techniques and ingredients have been in use for a long time across the island, and "the new," labeled nuevo Cubano, which adds a variety of herbs and spices from other cuisine and emphasizes presentation. For example, the province of Oriente, in eastern Cuba, is well known for its contribution of spicier and more robust dishes to the cuisine of the island due to the influx of Haitian and Jamaican immigrants to the island beginning in the 1790's. In the states, Cubans, too, have opted to choose hot peppers, like blazing scotchbonnets and serranos, to prepare recipes such as black bean salsa. Cubans who arrived in the United States in the late 50's and 60's had to make some adaptations to their cooking. Many markets did not carry the vegetables, fruits or cuts of meat that they were accustomed to using in their island kitchens. Lard and olive oil, which are generally used in Cuban cooking, had to be replaced by other cooking oils. Lard was too difficult to find and olive oil was too expensive; a substitute had to be found. Cooks started using vegetable oil, which was readily available and affordable. Nowadays, safflower and canola oils have become more preferable because they are healthier. Many items are now also available in low-fat versions. The consumption of salt has too been cut back thanks to low- sodium products. Many Cubans in exile, such as my neighbor, Roca Beiro, a professional caterer whom I had the opportunity to interview, informed me that many Cubans have cut down on the starches they consume and that they try to follow a healthier diet. Due to the lack of time in their day to day life, many buy products, such as black beans, because preparing them from scratch is very time consuming. In addition, Cubans have added more salads to their diet, use less sauces, and prepare fewer potajes (stews). They have also adapted more American foods into their daily life since their children are exposed to them at school and through their acquaintance with endless chains of fast food restaurants in their communities. For example, breakfast in Cuba usually consists of cafà © con leche and tostada (coffee with milk and Cuban toast). Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03921257389894172191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3349112724729214893.post-76360180669433100802020-01-12T09:30:00.001-08:002020-01-12T09:30:05.402-08:00Case Study of Organisation Culture: Google EssayGoogle, one of the worldââ¬â¢s wealthiest and fastest growing companies, is often presented as a model of a ââ¬Ëprogressiveââ¬â¢ organisation. What lessons can other businesses learn? The white paper on work in 2020, released by the Australian Human Resources Institute (AHRI) last month, contained a summary of aspects of Googleââ¬â¢s culture, and drew some conclusions about its implications for other organisations. Established in 1998, Google now employs more than 20,000 people, has been adding staff at the rate of around 6000 per year, and receives around 7000 unsolicited job applications per day. Core culture statements Google has three core culture statements: 1. People are the most important asset. 2. You can be serious without wearing a suit. 3. You can make money without doing evil. Built-in ââ¬Ëinnovation timeââ¬â¢ Google provides ââ¬Ëinnovation time offââ¬â¢, that is, one work day out of every five is allocated to solving problems. All business ââ¬Ëproblemsââ¬â¢ are circulated to all staff for ââ¬Ësolution sessionsââ¬â¢. Work environment Amenities and benefits at Googleââ¬â¢s US Head Office include 19 restaurants, free dental care, a health centre, haircuts, massages, a crà ¨che, gymnasiums, a hotel, laundry, car wash and community bus. The restaurant tables are oval-shaped, on the assumption that social interactions stimulate knowledge and learning breakthroughs. The aim is for people to interact with each other while they are eating, and the underlying cultural assumption is that work and other life should be merged as much as possible. Google wants its employees to spend as much time as possible there. But itââ¬â¢s not for everyone The AHRI white paper points out that one of the potential drawbacks of this ââ¬Ëwork is lifeââ¬â¢ culture is that if things go wrong at work, they are likely to go wrong in other aspects of your life as well. It is therefore important to maintain connections with people in your life outside employment. Genuine workââ¬âlife balance implies that everyone needs to be part of something else outside the workplace ââ¬â not all the core family, friends and relationships should reside or be nurtured within the workplace. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03921257389894172191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3349112724729214893.post-4934709625105465332020-01-04T05:54:00.001-08:002020-01-04T05:54:04.174-08:00Battle of the Saintes in the American Revolution Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03921257389894172191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3349112724729214893.post-51505284541115081032019-12-27T02:20:00.001-08:002019-12-27T02:20:03.368-08:00Managers Emotional Intelligence Effect On Followers... Managerââ¬â¢s Emotional Intelligence Effect on Followerââ¬â¢s Performance Job Satisfaction. Research has shown that leaders who have high levels of emotional intelligence are able to increase the job satisfaction of their workers leading to increase performance. In a study done by Sy, Tram, and Oââ¬â¢Hara (2006) of 187 restaurant workers, in which 62 were managers, they investigated the relationship between employeesââ¬â¢ emotional intelligence, their managerââ¬â¢s emotional intelligence, employeesââ¬â¢ job satisfaction, and performance. They discovered that a managersââ¬â¢ emotional intelligence created more job satisfaction for employees with low emotional intelligence than with employees with high levels of emotional intelligence. Furthermore employees with high emotional intelligence performed their jobs better (Sy, Tram, and Oââ¬â¢Hara 2006). Similarly, in a study by Chi-Sum and Wong (2002), of 120 MBA students and government administrators they discovered that emotional intelligence has a positive correlation ith job satisfaction re gardless of the nature of the job. Communication. In research article by Venus, Stam, and Knippenberg (2013), the researchers argued that leaders can express certain emotions which can inspire followers with a regulatory focus. They stated that many leader do not use emotions to persuade followers to be more receptive to goals and that this could increase followersââ¬â¢ performance. Regulatory focus means that when the leader expresses their goals to their followers, theShow MoreRelatedThe Leadership Of Carol Baines1482 Words à |à 6 Pagescontinued growth of the business. Finally, it questions whether situational factors had an influence in Carolââ¬â¢s success and whether Carol could succeed as a leader in other business context. Analysis Companies need leaders to effect changes and to improve business performance. Changes are necessary for survival, as competitors might force a company out of business if it chooses to remain stagnant. 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Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words à |à 1573 PagesIntroduction What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Importance of Interpersonal Skills 4 What Managers Do 5 Management Functions 6 â⬠¢ Management Roles 6 â⬠¢ Management Skills 8 â⬠¢ Effective versus Successful Managerial Activities 8 â⬠¢ A Review of the Managerââ¬â¢s Job 9 Enter Organizational Behavior 10 Complementing Intuition with Systematic Study 11 Disciplines That Contribute to the OB Field 13 Psychology 14 â⬠¢ Social Psychology 14 â⬠¢ Sociology 14 â⬠¢ Anthropology 14 There Are Few Absolutes in OB 14 ChallengesRead MoreOverview of Hrm93778 Words à |à 376 Pagesassistance, and job sharing. The human resource department plays a central role in establishing and implementing policies designed to reduce the friction between organizational demands and family responsibilities. b. Increased complexity of the Managerââ¬â¢s job Management has become an increasingly complex and demanding job for many reasons, including foreign competition, new technology, expanding scientific information, and rapid change. Therefore, organizations frequently ask human resource managersRead MoreManagement Course: MbaâËâ10 General Management215330 Words à |à 862 Pagesinfluenced by the brutally competitive global economy in which organizations do not have any particular geographic identity or travel under any particular national passport? What will be the effect of the rapid gyrations in markets that emphasize the difficulties that accounting practices face in determining true performance costs and that forecasting programs confront in establishing the economic determinants of corporate planning? In addition to these challenges, many analytical and strategic evaluation Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03921257389894172191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3349112724729214893.post-68374520004856527762019-12-18T22:08:00.001-08:002019-12-18T22:08:03.951-08:00Mechanical And Structural Factors Of An Aircraft - 1422 Words Aircrafts are and always have been a great mode of transportation and come with many clear advantages over many other forms of transportation . This in turn may be one of the main causes of their popularity and success over the years. Aircrafts are used commercially, Privately and they even have military applications. Aircrafts have always been an iconic sign of freedom. Even in the media and in commercial advertisements an airplane can be a symbolic tool used to instill security, freedom and luxury. Although there have been a great many advancements in mechanics and engineering of the aircrafts over the years, and many people consider them to be a reliable mode of transportation they still all have the capacity for mechanical or structural failures. In this paper we will begin to explore some of the main causes of these failures as well as the mechanical and structural factors behind them. An aircraft will typically fail because of an excess of stress applied to one or multiple mech anical or structural components. A more exact definition of stress is; ââ¬Å"The force perpendicular to the cross sectional area of the member divided by the cross sectional area.â⬠(chapter 8 lecture) There are several different types of stress and certain points of stress on an aircraft are more susceptible to damage or failure. In this paper we will also begin to analyze these factors to provide a more clear understanding of the mechanical and structural factors of aviation. According to Dr. HansShow MoreRelatedFiber Reinforced Concrete and Its Application Essay826 Words à |à 4 Pagesloading, and the fibers can still hold the matrix together even after a lot of cracking. ïÆ'Ë Introduction Concrete is a structural material that is weak in tension and they also have brittle properties with a low tensile strength and strain capacity. Fiber reinforced concrete is known as one of the fastest segments in concrete which contain fibrous materials which increase the structural integrity. Fiber reinforced concrete can also be defined as a composite materials which is compose of aggregate, cementRead MoreHistory of the Propeller1574 Words à |à 7 PagesThe aircraft propeller looks like a simple mechanism to the uneducated individual. To the educated, an aircraft propeller represents the highest sophistication in aerodynamics, mechanical engineering and structural design. 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In an attempt to restart the engines, the captain, Chesley B. Sullenberger, took the controls while Skiles the emergency procedures checklist. The captain turned to return to LaGuardia and after considering several emergency landing destinations, he ditched the aircraft in Hudson River Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03921257389894172191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3349112724729214893.post-33902319830463759642019-12-10T18:50:00.001-08:002019-12-10T18:50:05.905-08:00Discrimination at Workplace free essay sample Introduction Have you ever been treated or looked at differently because of your race, gender, religion, social rank or any other attribute? If you did, then you must have experienced one type of discrimination. So, what do we mean by discrimination? In general, discrimination is the judgment of qualities and recognition of the differences between things, and it comes in different forms and frames. Atâ⬠workplace discrimination occurs when an employee suffers from unfavorable or unfair treatment due to their race, religion, national origin, disabled or veteran status, or other legally protected characteristics. Employees who have suffered reprisals for opposing workplace discrimination or for reporting violations to the authorities are also considered to be discriminated againstâ⬠(Allbusiness, 2010:1). Many countries, in particular the modern and developed ones, issued decrees and laws that prohibits discrimination in work-related areas, such as recruiting, hiring, job evaluations, promotion policies, training, compensation and disciplinary action Direct vs. We will write a custom essay sample on Discrimination at Workplace or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Indirect Workplace discrimination can be characterized as direct or Indirect. Direct discrimination involves treating someone less favorably because of their possession of an attribute (e. g. , gender, age, race, beliefs, socio-economical status, national origin, disability, etcâ⬠¦), compared with someone without that attribute in the same circumstances. An example of direct discrimination would be not offering a job to a woman because she is likely to take maternity leave whereas a man is not. Indirect discrimination involves setting a condition or requirement which a smaller proportion of those with the attribute are able to comply with, without reasonable justification. Types of workplace Discrimination As mentioned earlier, workplace discrimination happens when some employee suffers unjust treatment, perception of or even interaction with, due to the fact of a physical attribute of the offended prejudiced by the discriminator. Among various types of discrimination, researchers and specialists identified five main discriminated attributes at workplace: Race, Gender, Age, beliefs, and disability. While discrimination occurs in a variety of workplace environments, certain organizations may be structured in ways that increase the likelihood of biased treatment and subordination of employees occupying lower social status positionsâ⬠( Wizdom Powell Hammond et al, 2010) 1. Race discrimination Racial discrimination differentiates between individuals on the basis of real an d perceived racial differences, and has been official government policy in several countries, such as South Africa in the apartheid era, and the USA. For example, a black employee may suffer illegal discrimination, if working in a white dominant environment, just because of his racial attributes, like color, structure and others that donââ¬â¢t fit the majority. Many researchers found out that racial discrimination is by far the most obvious type of discrimination and contributes to a major stake of discrimination cases and lawsuits. Another obvious example is of Arab immigrants in western countries, who suffered increasing discrimination after 9/11 due to the fact that terrorists behind 9/11 were Arabs. Nowadays, countries with growing economies attract various ethnic groups to come and work together. This results in more discrimination issues floating on the surfaces with no governing law framing this type of malice. For example, in Gulf countries like UAE, Saudi and others race discrimination is tolerated with absence of rules and acts prohibiting such behaviors and polices within organizations. There is a lot of discrimination according to race in the labour market, which affects the contribution of those who suffer from it. They feel dissatisfied and this reflects in their work and affects the lives of sometimes large families in the UAE and abroad. (Charles Stratford,2009) 2. Gender discrimination Gender or Sex discrimination is discrimination against a person or group on the basis of their sex or gender. Currently, discrimination based on sex is defined as adverse action against another person that would not have occurred had the person been of another sex. This is considered a form of prejudice and is illegal in certain specified circumstances in most countries. Sexual discrimination can arise in different contexts. For instance an employee may be discriminated against by being asked discriminatory questions during a job interview, or because an employer did not hire, promote or wrongfully terminated an employee based on his or her gender, or employers pay unequally based on gender or sexually harass an employee. Socially, sexual differences have been used to justify societies in which one sex or the other has been restricted to significantly inferior and secondary roles. While there are non-physical differences between men and women, there is little agreement as to what those differences are. Unfair discrimination usually follows the gender stereotyping held by a society. The United Nations had concluded that women often experience a glass ceiling and that there are no societies in which women enjoy the same opportunities as men. The term glass ceiling describes the process by which women are barred from promotion by means of an invisible barrier. [citation needed] In the United States, the Glass Ceiling Commission has stated that between 95 and 97 percent of senior managers in the countrys biggest corporations are men. Transgendered individuals, both male to female and female to male, often experience problems which often lead to dismissals, underachievement, difficulty in finding a job, social isolation, and, occasionally, violent attacks against them. 3. Age Discrimination Age discrimination is something that the average worker knows very little about. Although, anyone who lives to be middle aged will have a good chance of experiencing an age bias act, age discrimination is a non-issue to most people. This attitude is reflected in the literature that is available on the subject. There is very little information about age discrimination. Most of the information is about workersââ¬â¢ legal rights and it is accompanied by much advertising of available legal services. Typical actions might include refusing to hire or promote older workers, playing with their employee benefits, limiting their training opportunities or limiting their job responsibilities and duties. Older workers may be targeted in reductions of the work force; they may be encouraged to retire. Exit incentive programs may deny valuable additional benefits to an older worker and early retirement incentives may pressure older workers to retire early. Incentive benefits may be reduced for people who continue working beyond ââ¬Å"normalâ⬠retirement age. All of these actions reinforce a stereotype of older workers as the most dispensable in the workforce. Various words and phrases may be used to disguise an age bias. Some examples of this are saying that a worker costs too much, has been with the company too long, lacks versatility, is unable to adapt to new methods or technologies, lacks energy or has failed to be a forward enough thinker. In addition, decisions that are not directly based on age may have a disparate effect on older workers such as policies related to length of service or years of seniority. Some of the thoughts behind age biased actions are that older workers should move aside to make room for younger workers who need to support families, that they are less competent, and that thereââ¬â¢s no point in training them for new jobs. There is also an idea that younger managers do not really want to work with older workers no matter how good their skills. 4. Beliefs Religious discrimination at the workplace is still one of the biggest challenges facing many countries around the world, especially here in Canada and in the USA. Even through religious discrimination has been an illegal factor, it still happens very frequently. The laws against religious discrimination give employers a really hard time. On one hand, you cant make employment decisions based on a persons religion. On the other, you might have to take an employees religion into account when making certain workplace decisions. The law prohibits you from discriminating based on the fact of someones religion beliefs (for example, that an employee is Catholic, Jewish, or Muslim). You cant refuse to hire someone because he or she is Jewish; you cant promote someone because he or she is Christian. Same thing with the working days, you must work with your employees to make it possible for them to practice their religious beliefs on their days. This might mean not scheduling an employee who is Jewish to work Saturday because of their belief that Saturday is the Jewish Sabbath. This is the day that they go to the synagogue. Discrimination can happen anywhere, and it can take many forms. Some people mistakenly believe that it can only affect people of ethnic minority groups, but discrimination can happen to anyone. In addition to race, anti-discrimination laws also protect people against discrimination on the basis of age, gender, marital status, among others. In the workplace, discrimination frequently takes place when a company is hiring and firing. It is illegal for an employer to fire an employee just because of that persons religion and what they believe in. Taking it to a higher level, a employer might deny employees raises, promotions, or opportunities for training simply because of their religion. If you have faced discrimination in the workplace because of your spiritual beliefs, you are entitled to stand up for your rights. There are laws that you need to know about and you can actually protect yourself from Religious Discrimination at the Workplace. 5. Disability discrimination People with disabilities face discrimination in all levels of society. The attitude that disabled individuals are inferior to non-disabled individuals is called ableism. Chronic pain is a debilitating condition which is often neglected in modern society. According to the American Chiropractic Association, over 50% of all working US citizens complain of back pain each year. An estimated 80% of the population will experience back pain at some point in their life. Many times pain can become chronic and debilitating. Ergonomic seating and work environments are not only be a reasonable accommodation for those who suffer, they are also a preventative measure to counteract the soaring cost of medical treatment for pain conditions. Ergonomic seating in all public institutions would be a positive step to providing access to public services for all those who need it. In the United States, the Americans with Disabilities Act provides guidelines for providing wheelchair access for public institutions, but ergonomic devices for those who suffer from pain are something that has yet to be implemented. This is just one of many accessibility issues still faced by disabled individuals. Disabled people may also face discrimination by employers. They may find problems with securing employment as their handicap can be seen as a risk to the company, and once in employment they may find they are overlooked for promotion opportunities. Similarly, if an employee becomes disabled while employed they may also find themselves being managed out the company by HR departments. Unsympathetic employers can make life very difficult for such employees and can often make their health problems worse. Disability discrimination laws mean that in theory the employee has a method of redress in such instances. Effects of workplace discrimination Workplace discrimination is a common cause of the nations skyrocketing unemployment rate. If a company does not hire women, then the female applicant does not get the job. The same reasoning applies to all of the aforementioned categories affected by workplace discrimination. These individuals are without job opportunities and therefore unemployed. The discriminated party is usually smart enough to know why he wasnt hired. This instills anger and hurt in him. How he releases these feelings may result in violence. His self-esteem is shattered and he unleashed his negativity on those around him. Many mass murder and domestic violence cases are a result of workplace discrimination. An employee subject to workplace discrimination is apt to lose interest in his duties and in the company. For example: Hes of a different race than his peers, who make subtle inappropriate jokes about his culture. He tells his supervisor, who waves it off, stating,Oh, thats nothing. This sends his morale into a downward spiral, which results in lack of productivity. Workplace discrimination can have harsh effects on the psyche. When hopelessness sets in, he feels unworthy and like a failurehe thinks its all his fault. His drive to succeed is elusive and he gives up on life. This deteriorating stage can lead to severe depression. Treatments and solutions Know what is legally defined as workplace discrimination. Making derogatory remarks about a group of people or making hiring decisions based on a protected-class characteristic are discriminatory acts. It is also considered discrimination to withhold raises and promotions or terminate a person based on his class or refusal to perform sexual acts. Learn the protected classes covered by anti-discrimination laws. A protected class is a group of people against whom it is illegal to discriminate based on a common characteristic. It is illegal to discriminate due to: race, ethnicity, religion, national origin, age, gender, disability, color, political affiliation or veteran or familial status. In some areas, it is also illegal to discriminate based on sexual orientation, though it is not a federal violation. Avoid workplace discrimination by developing a no-tolerance policy in regard to harassment and discrimination. Put the policy in writing and require every employee to read it. Have each employee sign a form indicating that she has been provided with a copy of the policy and keep these forms in personnel files. Establish a procedure for filing complaints. The procedure should outline to whom complaints should be made and how they can be heard confidentially. It should also define an action plan for investigating complaints thoroughly and promptly. Discuss the anti-discrimination policy in detail with your employees. Give clear examples of incidences of discrimination and share the consequences for such actions. At the same time, provide employees with the procedure to follow in order to file an internal grievance. Provide diversity and sexual harassment training for all employees. Such training further clarifies what types of behavior are inappropriate. It will also provide strategies and solutions as to how a diverse workplace can function together as an effective team. Discrimination in Lebanon Although the Lebanese Constitution provides for a discrimination-free workplace, yet discrimination is widely spread in a country that has no identified policy for the workplace and workforce. Discrimination is experienced at levels and in all forms. Ranging from religious backgrounds, race, gender, disability to other types and forms, resulting in unjust standards in every aspect of employment and employee related issues. In mid 90s the Lebanese government submitted a detailed report to the Human Rights Committee on discrimination and observed in paragraph 7 of their report that ââ¬Å"no provision of Lebanese law makes a distinction between races or between individuals on the grounds of colour, language, political opinions, social origin, birth or fortuneâ⬠. Yet, ââ¬Å"Equality Now Associationâ⬠notes that the government makes no mention of distinction between individuals on the basis of sex. In paragraph 19, the government does acknowledge that ââ¬Å"progress still needs to be made in ensuring equality between men and women,â⬠but does not clearly indicate any measures which will be taken to promote such needed progress. Conclusion Finally, whether discriminated against your color, religion, nationality, or gender, discrimination is considered to be one of the most threatening factors to economy development and social development as well. Majority of people suffered at least one type of discrimination in their lifetime, which shaped their perception to the workplace and as Clarence Thomas said:â⬠Any discrimination, like sharp turns in a road, becomes critical because of the tremendous speed at which we are traveling into the high-tech world of a service economyâ⬠. Bibliography 1. All business(2010) ââ¬Ëunderstanding workplace discriminationâ⬠http://www. allbusiness. com [accessed 5th may, 2010] 2. Wizdom Powell Hammond Marion Gillen Irene H. Yen (2010) ââ¬ËWorkplace Discrimination and Depressive Symptomsââ¬â¢ Race and Social Problems. 2(1) pp. 19-30 3. Charles Stratford. (2009) ââ¬ËDiscrimination: a big issueââ¬â¢ Gulf News. 18(20) pp. 41-43 Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03921257389894172191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3349112724729214893.post-30114990050984413972019-12-03T06:33:00.001-08:002019-12-03T06:33:03.225-08:00Technology Park Malaysia Corporation Essay ExampleTechnology Park Malaysia Corporation Essay We were having an interview with the executive MOHAMMAD NADZIM AHMAD AZMI of Technology Park Malaysia Corporation Sdn Bhd (TPM). The company located in Level 5, Enterprise 4 Technology Park Malaysia 57000 Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur. TPM is a partial private and partial government organization which was incorporated in September 1996. It is a pioneer centre for technology innovation and advanced research and development in Malaysia, offering world-class infrastructure and 2 million square feet of Ramp;D space. Twelve distinct building make up TPM; each architecturally designed for knowledge-based companies at various stage of growth. The buildings, namely the innovation House, Incubator Centres and Enterprise Houses are equipped with Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS), LAN infrastructure, wide bandwidth internet connectivity, multiple telephone connections, teleconferencing, maintenance and round-the-clock security. TPM has also set up the Centre for Technology Commercialization (CTC) to bring together the forces of technology business commercialization in Malaysia by hosting technology business forums and seminars, anchoring consultative panels between industry and academia, and undertaking business and market intelligence through an international network of experts. Conceptualized as a means to promote the development of high-tech companies with an environment conducive to Ramp;D activities, TPM today is a vibrant technology business cluster within MSC Malaysia, home to more than 10,000 knowledge workers in over 140 technology based companies. We will write a custom essay sample on Technology Park Malaysia Corporation specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Technology Park Malaysia Corporation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Technology Park Malaysia Corporation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer TPM is a property-based organization, developed to catalyze Malaysiaââ¬â¢s transformation into the knowledge economy. TPM is managed by specialized professionals whose main aim is to increase the wealth of the community by promoting a culture of innovation and competitiveness in its associated businesses and knowledge-based organizations. Designed to propel Malaysia into the Innovation-Led Economy, Technology Park Malaysia is to date one of the worlds most advanced and comprehensive centres for research and development of knowledge-based industries. Spanning 750 acres, its first phase comprises 12 state-of-the-art buildings with specific functions. The latest addition to Phase I is the Enterprise 4 building, which is an intelligent building designed to service the physical needs of high-tech companies, enabling them to be service providers to the MSC, the rest of Malaysia and the world. The other phases involve the leasing of Ramp;D Lot to individual companies to establish custom-designed head offices, research facilities, test sites and planned future expansions. TPM Company Management Team is responsible for sourcing the most progressive and innovative tenant companies that can also create synergies within TPM. TPM also engages in other business activities through its four wholly-owned subsidiaries, namely TPM Biotech Sdn Bhd in biotechnology, TPM Engineering Sdn Bhd in engineering, TPM IT Sdn Bhd in Information Technology, and Technology Park Malaysia College Sdn Bhd in education and training. METHODOLOGY: We obtained data by first selecting three topics from which we have covered in our lectures. Then we composed a set of questions to be asked during the interview. During the interview the questions were asked, we jotted down the striking points from the answers given by Mohammad Nazdim Ahmad Ezmi, Executive Marketing and Business Development. In addition, we also recorded the entire interview of which we used to add up other points that we forgot to note during the interview for this report and presentation. On the other hand, we used secondary data from TPMââ¬â¢s handouts, brochures and leaflets. ACADEMIC CONTENT: In this report we are going to deal with the following topics; Business environment, Individual at work and Organization structure. BUSINESS ORGANISATION AND ENVIRONMENT This is the first aspect in consideration and TPM must relate the different Environment with their effects to the Organisation respectively. Environments are divided into two main categories, Controllable and the Non-controllable Environment, and they work in a butterfly effect system which means alteration of any environment can affect the other and so on. EXHIBIT 1. 1: Overview of Environment and their relation to TPM NON-CONTROLLABLE ENVIRONMENT 1. POLITICAL/LEGAL 2. ECONOMY 3. COMPETITORS 4. TECHNOLOGICAL CONTROLLABLE ENVIRONMENT 1. LABOUR 2. RAW MATERIAL 3. EQUIPMENT 4. CAPITAL 5. ENTERPRENEUR CONTRALLABLE ENVIRONMENT This Environment focuses on the attributes that add up to the structure of an organisation. They can be controlled in the sense that the organisation dictates the quantity and how much to be used depending on their available resources and therefore differ from different organisations. Refer to Exhibit 1. 1; the five attributes (controllable environment) as you can see are the major make-up of the organisation and without them, it is dormant to all its operations. * Labour points out the human resources, the actual workers who provide physical or intellectual contribution to the everyday activities within the organisation. This includes the heads of TPM who are president/CEO, vice presidents (corporate services, finance, Business Development and Special Projects) general managers, senior general manager, chief operating officer amp; also the employee subordinates under them. * Raw Material is the physical bits and pieces that are provided by suppliers to manufacture the companyââ¬â¢s end products. * Equipment refers to the machinery or devices that play a role into converting the raw materials to finished end products. in the case of TPM which is a service sector orginisation the end product is to produce rental accommodation. Thus things like building are the equipments because they to provide accommodation to their tenants! * Capital is the cash flow or the monetary aid the organisation needs to acquire and achieve its goals, it is the most important because it keeps the other attributes active and functional. * Last but not least, the Entrepreneur who are directly involved in the organisationsââ¬â¢ operations. These are Individuals or Groups that take into risk and invest so as to see the Company achieving the posted goals. Adding on to the listed, each attribute is vital for the company existence but they must be balanced and considered equally in order to prevail in the market competition. TPM recognizes this and take hide to see each attribute contributes accordingly. NON- CONTROLLABLE ENVIRONMENT Non- controllable environment is composed of the political, economical, competitors and technological environment. 1) POLITICAL/LEGAL ENVIRONMENT This is the most prominent environment of TPM. Itââ¬â¢s the direct impact of the governmentââ¬â¢s attitude towards the business environment. The government shapes many determinants of a businessââ¬â¢s political environment through its policies on the economy, competition, regional development, devaluation and employment. TPM is operating under the governmentââ¬â¢s attitude towards the economy and competition. Its policy focuses on Engineering, Biotechnology and Information, communication and technology (ICT). Due to this all facilities rendered by TPM are based on the above mentioned fields and not otherwise. The government of Malaysia plays the following roles towards TPM, since it practices mixed economy it acts as an entrepreneur, a planner and a promoter. ) Entrepreneur The government may provide services through its own department or through its agencies. In TPM the government through MOSTI (Ministry of Science, technology and innovation) offers tenancy services. These include land parcel, enterprise, incubator and innovation areas. Land parcel involves the development of customized building for large or fully commercialized technology companies such as ASTRO, TELEKOM and APIIT. Enterprise is for medium seized or Ramp;D divisions or wings of large local and multinational companies such as MAYBANK, LOTUS and STANDARD CHARTTERED BANK. Incubator is for individuals and companies expanding from the prototype pre-production stage through to market testing and production. Innovation, here individual entrepreneurs, scientists, software, writers, innovators and start-up entities at pre-production stage get areas to perform their work. b) Planner It involves the governmentââ¬â¢s expectations within a certain period of time. These include the government policy on energy, transport, communication and many others as its long term plans. It controls the overall level and direction of the countryââ¬â¢s economic activities. As a result, TPM is one of the fruits of the governmentââ¬â¢s focus on Engineering, Biotechnology and ICT. TPM is also having TPM College whose work is to provide education in technologies to nurture the next generation of workers. In the long run, this will help to meet the expectations of the government by providing TPM and other offices with technological experts. c) Promoter The government plays the role of making new opportunities and promoting businesses found in her territory. TPMââ¬â¢s Centre for technology commercialization (CTC) is to galvanise the needs of the countryââ¬â¢s stake holders in harnessing technology for wealth creation. Universities, research institutes, venture financiers, technopreneurs and government regulators will come together at CTC to make technology a reality. Promotion is done by CTC through hosting forums on the latest technology development, showcasing the latest technology- driven businesses, organising regional and international seminars on technology commercialisation, facilitating business needs of technopreneurs and through the production of ââ¬Å"SYMBIOSISâ⬠magazine for science, technology, innovation and business for the knowledge community. 2) ECONOMICAL ENVIRONMENT This includes the macro economy of the country and the industrial sector environment of TPM. Macroeconomics shows how all the different elements in the business environment interact. The trade cycle is among the elements, it follows a pattern of recovery, boom, recession and slump. Since December 2007, the world has being experiencing a great financial crisis (Recession). Due to this TPMââ¬â¢s tenants who are greatly hit by the crisis, tend to cut down spending by shutting down offices (wings) such as those situated at TPM. In doing so TPM is left with fewer clients. Ultimately, TPM earns lower han they used to before the financial crisis (Recession). 3) COMPETITORS TPM is not having competitors in its industry. However, there are companies given the same mandate by the government to carry out MSC Malaysiaââ¬â¢s 1996 vision of spearheading the nation towards the becoming a technology rich and knowledge based economy. Other organisations include; Cyber jaya Flagship zone, Kuala Lumpur city centre (KLCC), UPM- MTDC Technology Centre, Penang Cybercity1 (PCC1),Kulim Hi-tech Park, KL Sentral, Menara MSC Cyber spot, Meru raya and Melaka International trade centre (MITC). The following is what TPM does to overcome and emerge as the best organisation among the other organisation under MSC Malaysiaââ¬â¢s industry; * TPM ensures that it offers the best Ramp;D facilities. Example, it has laboratories for Physics and Chemistry for rental, something which firms like Cyber jaya does not possess. * They try to offer competitive rental prices, by making sure that the rent that they offer is a bit cheaper than other firms, such as that of KLCC and UPM- MTDC technology centre and the rest. In terms of services, TPM makes sure that it delivers hers (services) quickly. For instance, responding quickly to maintenance services such as bulb replacement. * To offer infrastructures which are up to date, lake making sure that each of their offices has internet, fully equipped with a power backing system (UPS) and reliable security systems. 4) TECHNOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT Technological change has been one of the important reasons of the current environmental turbulence i n the business environment. TPMââ¬â¢s in 1996 establishment was based on the changing nature of the technology. Moreover, changes in technology can affect one or all functional areas in some way and links in the supply chain of an organization. Such changes prompt TPM to change its functional areas by making sure that they provide proper an up to date gadgets such as UPS in their offices. But again, when TPM was established it only focused in supplying facilities that dealt with Engineering and ICT. Due to the change in technology, TPM added Biotechnology facilities in its supply chain. INDIVIDUAL AT WORK There are three that govern at the perception of other in on individual at work. These are basing on a physical person, ones range of abilities and ones personality. At TPM when applies for a job he/she firstly perceived in terms ones range of intellectual ability. Due to this when one applies for a job they assess his/her academic qualification and experience. Secondly, they check at ones social abilities such as being e-subjective or interaction ability. One can have good academic qualification and fail to deliver the second criteria, TPM might not approval for their application. However the physical person such as ones gender is also considered in some fields of TPMââ¬â¢s work. For instance, when they want to offer a post for a secretary, women are the expected candidates for the job. The same applies to works offered in the engineering laboratories where much strength is required, TPM prefer to employ men in the field. MOTIVATION Is the term used to describe those processes instinctive and rational, by which people seek to satisfy the basic drives, perceived needs and personal goals which trigger human behaviour. TPM uses the following ways to motivate her workers; * KPI (key performance indicator), here objectives are listed down before the New Year. Thus each employee knows the goals of TPM for the coming year. * Employees to attend courses to improve their skills and knowledge. This mostly involves attending short courses to boost up their performance and make them up to date, since TPM deals with technology. * Giving employees promotions. TPM has a tendency of promoting employees who has at least worked for them for more than 2 or three years. * Allocating more responsibilities to employees. Example, an employee who is used to data entry only can be assigned to organize meetings and keep on his/her data entry task. SPECIALIZATION TPM has a specialized differentiation of functional tasks through each department into which the problems and tasks facing a concern as a whole are broken down thus giving room for individuals to specialize in a specific field. For instance TPM Engineering department has specialized individuals in each field they have split its tasks/jobs into, which are: * Robotics amp; PLC Training * CAD/CAM amp; CNC Training * Industrial Robots * CNC Machining ORGANISATION STRUCTURE TPM has a structured organization with career paths starting from Non-Executives to Executives and Senior Managers. With a diverse range of products and services, a career at TPM comes with opportunities to enrich ones self with knowledge on the many aspects of business, IT and operations. There are many aspects of the organization structure. TPM is based on a flat structure with less bureaucracy where it has short lines of authority (short chain of command) clarifying who reports to whom. There not many people who have legitimate power to discharge responsibilities. For instance when TPM holds their monthly bases meetings, the president/CEO is the one who gives out tasks to each department depending on what the government implements. TPMââ¬â¢s high ranking management is the only one that makes crucial decisions concerning TPM for instance the president/CEO approves any new proposal from his subordinates such has employment of new staff or a raise to employeeââ¬â¢s salaries. But for small decisions such as fixing a broken light bulb or painting a building, there pushed down to low ranking individuals. The degree to which decisions are made in TPMââ¬â¢s high ranking management is small thus itââ¬â¢s decentralized. It can be deduced that TPM is an organic model due to the fact that itââ¬â¢s flat structured and comprises of individuals at a low rank as well as high rank making decisions. TPM has categorized together jobs/functions into seven departments each having a High ranking individual (manager) who has a number of subordinates to direct. The nine manageable units/departments with their heads are: * Corporate services unit which is primarily responsible for the provision of internal services that support the work of management and staff. Zakaria Mohammed Vice President * Finance Unit which is setting an effective and efficient system of financial and accounting management of all business activities which TPM runs. Sharbani Harun Vice President * Business development amp; Special Projects Ahmad Husni Johari Vice President * Centre for Technology Commercialisation which is responsible for Technology Commercialisation, Incubators amp; Entrepreneurs and also giving out Advise amp; Consultancy. Dr. Mustaza Ahmadun Senior General Manager * Park Management amp; Services unit which is held responsible for taking care of TPM Park as well as services supplied through TPM to its tenants and the park itself. Shahazman Abu Samah General Manager TPM College Sdn Bhd which manages TPM college subsidiaryShaliza Sabtu Chief Operating Officer * TPM Engineering Sdn Bhd unit which manages engineering related projects and produce innovative engineering solutions. Mohamad Zaihirain Mohamed Rasin Acting Head * TPM IT SDN BHD which manages the operations and Maintenance of Technology Park Malaysiaââ¬â¢s ICT infrastructure. Zakaria Mohammed Head / Director * TPM BIOTECH SDN BHD which manages Biotechnology Division o f Technology Park Malaysia. It also includes logistic management, development of production facilities, GMP, GSP compliance and plant risk management. Datoââ¬â¢ Haji Mohd Azman Shahidin Determinant of structure: The Main determinant of TPMââ¬â¢S structure is the government. Technically orders/policies are passed down from the government to the ministry of science, technology and innovation (MOSTI) depending on where the country is heading towards. MOSTI then passes the policies toTPM and itââ¬â¢s implemented by TPM. for instance the government wants to industrialise Malaysia. The government will role out the policy to MOSTI and MOSTI will inform TPM to attract more engineering companies. The ministry of science, technology and innovation (MOSTI) installed the following Subsidiaries in TPM according to the governmentââ¬â¢s policy which is mainly focusing on where the country is heading to. * TPM Engineering Sdn. Bhd. (Prime Minister Dr Malhi wanted to industrialise Malaysia hence this was born) * TPM IT Sdn. Bhd. * TPM Biotech Sdn. Bhd. (this was born due to the Prime Minister Balha who focused on Bio-tech) * TPM College Sdn. Bhd. Complexity of the services TPM produces is also a determinant of this structure. The degree of heterogeneity is high, because of it being a services based organisation with broaden services from land rental to infrastructure rental each having additional entities such as furniture, aircon,elevators high tech security systems, gardens etc. Not forgetting its responsible for supplying quality education at TPM college, providing excellent internet connection throughout TPM etc. TPMââ¬â¢s income capacity is mainly on rental accommodation, and by this structure it will be able to support its growth even in the long-run for it has shown good benefits so far which improves TPMââ¬â¢s resources for income! CONCLUSION: To wind-up, we reported our findings at TPM, pinpointed the Political environment to be the most important environment and its implications in the future for TPM. However, the Technological environment is also one of TPMââ¬â¢s pushing factors. TPM is one of the best accommodation suppliers especially for organisations seeking technical infrastructure and good services. REFRENCE: * Butel, J. etal (1998), Business Functions, Blackwell publishing USA * Jankowizcz, A. D (1997), Business Research Projects third edition, Chapman amp; Hall Place North Yorkshire * MSC Malaysia (2008), Facts amp; Figures third edition, MSC Malasyia Cyber cities Department. Malaysia * Technology Park Malaysia (2008), All about TPM [online]. Available:à http://www.tpm.com.my/index.php? option=com_contentamp;task=viewamp;id=12amp;Itemid=35 Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03921257389894172191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3349112724729214893.post-16796061855003450332019-11-27T11:56:00.001-08:002019-11-27T11:56:04.687-08:00Free Essays on The World Is Too Much With Us And The Chimney Sweeper (compare And Contrast)worth gives a magnificent of imagery t... Free Essays on The World Is Too Much With Us And The Chimney Sweeper (compare And Contrast) Free Essays on The World Is Too Much With Us And The Chimney Sweeper (compare And Contrast) Poems are a particular way an author shows to the reader of what he feels and thinks about the actions of the world. In the poems ââ¬Å"The World is Too Much With usâ⬠and ââ¬Å"The Chimney Sweeperâ⬠both poets make the reader feel piety and disgust of human Nature. They both tell how society uses too much materialism, and how there is wasteful selfishness and prostitution. This form of writing was common during this time period in the industrial revolution. A lot of people were fed up with the waste and poverty and it seemed the only way to get the point across was with a pen and paper. The first time a poem is read the reader must go beyond the authorââ¬â¢s words and look at the deeper meaning, this shows what the author is trying to prove. In William Blakeââ¬â¢s poem, ââ¬Å"The Chimney Sweeperâ⬠, he goes into a deeper description of the industrial revolution and the effect it had in the people in that time period. When looking closer the reader is able to tell the disguised meaning behind the words written. For example, in line 3 the poem states, ââ¬Å"Could scarcely cry weep weep weep weepâ⬠. The meaning behind the words of the author proves how young this little boy actually was, and brings pity to the reader. Next the author takes the reader to a sweet dream the boy has and shows the reader of the false hope that carries keeps this boys spirit alive from day to day. This child is so ignorant to what is actually happening in his life he became unable to create a future for himself. In William Wordsworthââ¬â¢s poem, ââ¬Å"The World is Too Much With Usâ⬠he shows the elegant way of how the societies system of work isnââ¬â¢t functioning properly. It is a warning to the industrial revolution and the future generations. Wordsworth was trying to point out that society is losing sight of what are important in this world. He tells how materialism and greed have overcome the human mind and spirit. In line 6 Wordsworth gives a magnificent of imagery t... Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03921257389894172191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3349112724729214893.post-16511169390690848862019-11-23T19:30:00.001-08:002019-11-23T19:30:06.251-08:00Free Essays on Doctorow, Atwood And Tan than of actions. He is hardly the stoic, decisive western hero of John Wayne movies. Initially, when resurrecting the town of Hard Times, Blue does not found it on wholesome American values of honesty and fair-dealing, but on greed and conniving. The town has no church and no jail and essentially no foundation of morality. Both the characters of Zar and Isaac are duped into staying by promises of wealth. Zar is concerned primarily with making money from his bar and prostitutes. Isaac, though more scrupulous than Zar, is concerned with profit. Their hopes are founded on the false belief that the town will expand because of a rumored mill to come to their territory. This belief, like the American dream itself, is an illusion. Inevitably they end up with all the trappings of civilization without a functional community. There is much talk of illusion in the novel. Blue is constantly frustrated by his inability to capture the truth in his ledgers. At one point, he states that itââ¬â¢s okay sometimes for a person to fool t... Free Essays on Doctorow, Atwood And Tan Free Essays on Doctorow, Atwood And Tan Brian Ricketts Doctorowââ¬â¢s novel, Welcome to Hard Times is an anti-western novel. Doctorow attempts to debunk the western myth of the American dream. The essential theme in the novel is that the west fails to live up to the hope that civilization can conquer evil. In this way, it was first seen as an un-American story without any real heroes. What it really is, is a different type of historical novel, one that does not concern itself without exact historical accuracy but rather with fictional truth in which the frontier is not a land of endless potential but one vulnerable to human corruption and evil. The characters are not typical western stereotypes. Blue is somewhat cowardly, first hiding behind Molly, and failing miserably once he confronts the Bad Man from Bodie. Though he has a talent for bringing people together (usually by conning them in some way), he is more a man of words than of actions. He is hardly the stoic, decisive western hero of John Wayne movies. Initially, when resurrecting the town of Hard Times, Blue does not found it on wholesome American values of honesty and fair-dealing, but on greed and conniving. The town has no church and no jail and essentially no foundation of morality. Both the characters of Zar and Isaac are duped into staying by promises of wealth. Zar is concerned primarily with making money from his bar and prostitutes. Isaac, though more scrupulous than Zar, is concerned with profit. Their hopes are founded on the false belief that the town will expand because of a rumored mill to come to their territory. This belief, like the American dream itself, is an illusion. Inevitably they end up with all the trappings of civilization without a functional community. There is much talk of illusion in the novel. Blue is constantly frustrated by his inability to capture the truth in his ledgers. At one point, he states that itââ¬â¢s okay sometimes for a person to fool t... Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03921257389894172191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3349112724729214893.post-24952752501413042002019-11-21T05:41:00.001-08:002019-11-21T05:41:07.711-08:00Strategic Initiative Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 wordsStrategic Initiative Paper - Essay Example The higher current ratio than that of the industry implies that the company was able to improve its current assets, and reduce its current liabilities compared with the history of the industry. The companyââ¬â¢s cash ratio remained relatively stable with other ratios recorded by companies in this industry at 0.3 (30%). This shows that the management was in a position to manage its cash assets and liabilities well, maintaining an equivalent ratio with that of the industry (Air investor 2014: A special supplement, 2014). The companyââ¬â¢s operating margin ratio remained relatively stable at 0.08 (8%) compared with that of the industry which was recorded at 0.78 (7.8%). The stable operating margin meant that the company was able to generate enough income from sales that have aided the companyââ¬â¢s business. The companyââ¬â¢s profit margin ratio was recorded at 0.05 (5%) for the year 2012 and 2013 compared with that of the industry which was a little lower at 0.04 (4%) (2013 world airline report, 2013). This relatively higher profit margin shows that the company was able to gather reliable income from Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03921257389894172191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3349112724729214893.post-2739621311884724902019-11-20T04:14:00.001-08:002019-11-20T04:14:04.426-08:00The Veil in Islam Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsThe Veil in Islam - Research Paper Example Muslim women who strictly adhere to the requirement believe that it is an act of obedience to God and a stride towards freedom. In this regard, womenââ¬â¢s freedom can be evaluated by their physical appearance rather than their intellect. The concept of veiling in Islam emanates from the need to maintain the association between the body and mind. It is often believed that covering the body is one way of shielding the heart from impurities. For that reason, men are admonished to avert their eyes from women, and subsequently, women are required to put on loose outer garments, and cover up their bosoms and heads (Hibri 8). Although the Holy Qurââ¬â¢an directs that women needs to veil themselves, the degree and style varies considerably depending on the situation. Veiling in Islam women is highly dependent on interpretation of various scriptures on the practice, culture, and personal preferences. According to chapter 33, verse 60 of the Qurââ¬â¢an, Allah says ââ¬Å"O prophet! T ell your wives and your daughters, and women of the believers, that they should pull down upon them of their outer cloaks from their heads over their faces. That is more likely that they may thus be recognized and not molestedâ⬠. There are two distinct interpretations of this scripture that has created two forms of veiling. In light of the instruction, some Muslim women choose to cover their heads while others choose to cover their faces. However, there are others who choose to adopt a compromised position of the two by covering their faces, only when they apply makeup (Ali 719). Majority of Muslim women veil themselves because of the need to uphold modesty, dignity, respect, and safeguard themselves from evils and harm. There are two fundamental parameters, which come from hadith or traditional reports, and Qurââ¬â¢an that guide the Islamic women dress code. The first parameter comes from Qurââ¬â¢an, and is indicated that a womanââ¬â¢s body should be covered in such a manner that only her feet, hands, and face are revealed, except under uncontrolled circumstances (Qurââ¬â¢an 24: 30-31). Additionally, women are required to put on loose clothing so that their body structure is not revealed. The second parameter come from hadith, and states that Muslim women should not put on clothing similar to that of men, or in a manner similar to those who do not believe God. This implies that their clothing should be simply modest, and not overly fancy or ragged. The traditional reports or hadiths presented a number of instances where women were admonished to cover up their nakedness. Scrutiny of the reports reveals that the definition of a womanââ¬â¢s nakedness is so wide and covers her entire body. Ibn Qudama in al-Mughni (1: 349) posited ââ¬Å"all of the womanââ¬â¢s body is considered her nakednessâ⬠(Ali 412). In the Qurââ¬â¢an and the prophetic Sunna, there are some fundamental requirements that suggested the manner in which Muslim women are supposed to dress that includes; the extent of covering, thickness, looseness, color, appearance, and demeanor, variation from menââ¬â¢s clothing, variation from unbelievers clothing, and prohibition of ostentatious or vain dressing. Although modest dressing and hijab is mandated in the Qurââ¬â¢an, many Muslims dispute that it is not a strict condition, but simply a strong suggestion. Because of varied interpretations and cultural differences, many women in the Islamic world have adopted fashions of their country. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03921257389894172191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3349112724729214893.post-91366502097857248942019-11-17T16:45:00.001-08:002019-11-17T16:45:06.188-08:00Legalization of Marijuana Essay Example for Free Legalization of Marijuana Essay The fight to legalize marijuana has been going on for decades now and looks to have no end until the result is that itââ¬â¢s legal. My fight would be for it to be legalized as well. Simply because itââ¬â¢s a drug with more benefits then harm. In some states, and other countries itââ¬â¢s already legal and doctor approved which I believe needs to be applied everywhere. Marijuana users will not stand for marijuana probation, no matter how long it takes, punishments or consequences. One might say press the issue! Make harsher laws! These prohibition views have failed to silence users. Marijuana legalization is a persistent issue that will not just go away. I believe it will be legalized because users are willing to continue to fight until they succeed. This will eventually open peopleââ¬â¢s eyes that the drug is not all bad. Marijuana has positive attributes; a medical value with very mild side effects. Many people use it because they see it good for them especially those suffering ailments. It relieves pain, nausea, spasticity, and other symptoms for many individuals who have not been treated successfully with conventional medications. I agree that if we do legalize it just for medication that it would leak to other users. But in todayââ¬â¢s society many American adults prefer marijuana over alcohol as a way to relax, it has a lot less side effects then alcohol. The use of marijuana in America is a choice that comes with a relatively low dependence rate. Most people develop a tolerance to side effects, and those who donââ¬â¢t usually stop using drugs. Most Americans decide that the benefits of the drug outweigh the risk which the greatest risk is low risk arrest. Legalizing the drug can have more benefits to our county then harming it. If marijuana was legal we could put a tax on it, to make a profit on it. If we look at our crime rate, our law enforcement has more important responsibilities than arresting 750,000 individuals a year for marijuana possession. By doing this we waste jail space, clog court systems, divert time of police, attorneys, judges, and corrections officials away from violent crime. When I say violent crimes I mean being able to focus on the sexual abuse of children, terrorism and other more dangerous crimes. For my study I looked for a country that has legalized marijuana and their reasons for doing so. I found that it is a common knowledge throughout the world, that in Amsterdam you may just enter a coffee shop and buy drugs; you will be handed a menu with drugs of the day, and there might be even a special on the menu. It is all accessible, for four joints you will pay the same amount for twenty cigarettes. Marijuana is legal in Amsterdam because the government there realizes that it is much easier to control when they make it publicly available. This way they can tax it to generate state funding and ensure that they know where it is and whos using it. Its a much more liberal approach than prohibition, which causes any controlled substance to go immediately underground and leaves the governments jurisdiction. Marijuana being illegal is much like the prohibition of alcohol. The Prohibition was a period of nearly fourteen years of U.S. history in which the manufacture, sale, and transportation of liquor was made illegal. It led to the first and only time an Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was repealed. And unlike alcohol and any prescription drugs, marijuana is not lethal. A study in 2009 by U.S. Department of Health and Human Studies published that 69.7 million Americans are current users of tobacco products, 15 million Americans abuse alcohol, and only 4.2 million Americans abuse Marijuana. Everyday 1,000 people die from smoking related illnesses, 550 die from alcohol related accidents and diseases, and less than 20 die of drug related causes. American adolescents use Marijuana twice as much as their counter parts in Holland where Marijuana is legal. It seems that the temptations to do what youââ¬â¢re not supposed to do are too strong to resist. In conclusion, marijuana should be legal. If we are going to continue to offer these drugs that are more harmful then marijuana then why band one that helps? If continuing to keep marijuana as an illegal substance then users are willing to continue to fight. Like the prohibition of alcohol I donââ¬â¢t believe this fight will end until the users win. Maybe they will think their decision over, and realize it would help us more then it harms us. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03921257389894172191noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3349112724729214893.post-88587396126009192212019-11-15T05:17:00.001-08:002019-11-15T05:17:04.496-08:00How Charles Dickensââ¬â¢ Life Influenced Oliver Twist Essay -- essays papeHow Charles Dickensââ¬â¢ Life Influenced Oliver Twist ââ¬Å"The range of his creative activity is, in the first place, limited to the world of his youthâ⬠(Cecil 169). This quote explains many people. What has previously happened to a person has a tremendous impact on them. It can affect their decisions, emotions, and life. The life of a person can sometimes be seen quite easily through what they do. Artists often reveal what their life has been like through the works that they create. The same can be said about writers. Events in authors past often show up in his works. The above quote is, in fact, made in regard to Charles Dickens. Dickens had several real life experiences of poverty and abandonment in his life that influenced his work, Oliver Twist. The times of poverty and abandonment in Charles Dickensââ¬â¢ life instilled a political belief in Dickensââ¬â¢ mind against the new poor laws of Great Britain. Dickensââ¬â¢ felt the new poor laws victimized the poor, failed to give the poor a voice, and were in need of change. These points are shown in Oliver Twist through the characters, scenes, and narration Dickensââ¬â¢ uses throughout the book. Dickens lived a life full of events that would later influence his novels. Dickens grew up during a time of change for Great Britain. By the time he was born in 1812, the Industrial Revolution was in full force. Dickens grew up as a normal middle-class child in Portsmouth, Great Britain. It was around the age of twelve that his life took a drastic turn. Dickens was still a child when his father was imprisoned for debt. Families, at this time, lived with the father in prison. Charles did not live in prison, though. Instead, he was sent to live alone and become a laborer at Warrenââ¬â¢s Blacking Facto... ...r Twistâ⬠The Immortal Dickens. London, 1925. 63-87. Rpt in Oliver Twist. Ed. Fred Kaplan. New York: Norton & Company, 1993. Skim Greene, Graham. ââ¬Å"The Young Dickens.â⬠Collected Essays. 1969. Rpt. in Nineteenth Century Literary Criticism, Vol. 3. Ed. Laurie L. Harris. Detroit: Gale Research Company, 1983. Pg. 176. MacKenzie, Jeanne. Dickens, A Life. USA: British Library Cataloguing in Publication, 1979. Skim. Murray, Brian. Charles Dickens. New York: Continuum, 1994. Skim Paroissien, David. Letter to Noah Laible, 15 Feb 2000. Taine, Hippolyte A. History of English Literature, Vol 4. New York: Frederick Ungar Publishing Co., 1965. Pg. 117-163. Wall, Stephan. ââ¬Å"The Letters of Charles Dickens, 1856-1858.â⬠Essays in Criticism 47.1 (1997): 78-87. Wills, Garry. ââ¬Å"Love in the lower depths.â⬠The New York Review of Books 26 Oct 1989: 60-68. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03921257389894172191noreply@blogger.com0